practices violate girls privacy rights, including their freedom of expression and movement. advancement. Dr Peter Magubane I think many Zambian initiation ceremonies and traditions have some good value. We operate from Cape Town, Dakar, Abuja, Johannesburg, Nairobi and Washington DC. This was the consensus among Lusakas Jack compound residents who felt that it was time for parents to start remembering tradition and go back to the times when young men and women were taught how to be responsible and cultured in all areas of ones life. Today we see young men and women misbehaving anyhow, their dressing is indecsent, they are involved in immoral activities on a daily basis and not having initiation ceremonies to teach them how they are supposed to conduct themselves in society is one of the major contributors to the bad behaviour in our young men and women today, Ms Kaluba said. Furthermore, these cultural But, when they travel overseas and sees white people copying the same things they, But, when they travel overseas and sees white people copying the same things they start re-copying the same things. Birth, marriage and death are typically marked by special ceremonies. However, formatting rules can vary widely between applications and fields of interest or study. What does this mean. Indians are different. Elongation of the Labia Minora Is A Violation of womens bodily autonomy. room for a girl child to break away from what appears to be cultural bondage? Inculcating respect for elders pays an important role in the initiation process. INITIATION CEREMONIES WILL BRING BACK MORAL VALUES WOMEN, CARELESS WASTE DISPOSAL ALARMS MATERO RESIDENTS, EFFECTIVE KANYAMA CHOLERA RESPONSE CHEERS VICTIMS, Harrington disagrees with possibility of national airline, Treat unemployment as a matter of urgency. Women's Initiation in Zambia: Dancing in Bed. If you do not know how to please you husband in bed, he might just end up going to a prostitute, she puts it plainly. They said it was important that young people were educated in Zambian traditions, culture and customs so that they grew up as responsible citizens. Publishers named above each report are responsible for their own content, which AllAfrica does not have the legal right to edit or correct. By examining specific rituals from various theoretical viewpoints, they reveal the ultimate and contradictory values to which each society as a whole is attached. practiced by almost all ethnic groups in zambia, the ritual involves older married women giving indigenous wisdom, explicit sexual lessons and other homemaking skills to the young woman before entering into marriage.13as a semi-private space exclusively for married women, imbusa creates safe-spaces where women empower each other about sexuality The so called INITIATION ceremonies only cause the girls to become prostitutes!!!!!!!!!!!!! LUSAKA, Jan 11 2011 - Staying in Chawama, a compound outside Zambias capital Lusaka, I spent many an evening chatting to the local women as they sat outside and cooked on their charcoal braziers. making improvements to the past and present. Nearly all African cultures hold that the infant has come from the spirit world with important information from that world, and is bringing unique talents and gifts to . If they come out the other end after fighting Lions, etc. K u k u n a I m i s h i n o/ M a l e p e. For those who do not know, it is a process whereby a girl who is in her puberty stage gently pulls her inner labia outwards (away from her body) by applying force on them using special herbs Leave us to practice our culture and stay with your carbon copy European culture. Its a pity how women are chewing their own words. Following the initiation ceremony, the initiates are taken to a secluded place away from their homes, where they spend at least eight days recovering. For most traditions in Zambia, this meant when a girl came of age which usually happened during her adolescent years, she would be handed over to a traditional counselor in order to be initiated into womanhood. Emphasis from women was on teaching a girl the culturally expected way of life including behaviours, dress, respect towards elders, attitude, gender roles and mores. No different as going to physical education and learning how to warm, flex and practice movement combinations, in order to perform better on the field, to be a better and valuable team player. Without any further introduction, the drums started beating and the women burst out in song. What role should culture Rebecca Kaluba, a resident of Jack compound, said that there was need for parents to start supporting initiation ceremonies because they would help mould their children into responsible and cultured people. Some of my fellow students and teachers would really get into it, almost as if they were actually in the act. During the initiation ceremonies as a transition from childhood to adulthood, some aspects of these traditional ceremonies such as sex education given to the . But some women have charged that times have changed and there was no need for young people to undergo ceremonies when they could just be taught for a few hours. then we have men built with character! When a man and women are married the man goes to live with the wife's family and so generations are traced in a matrilineal fashion, as opposed to the patrilineal lineages in the area. 01:57 O2LT. As a result of all this, the societies in Zambia have experienced a decline in morals, conduct, dress code, respect and behavior in the young women. The paper questions these cultural and In Zambia, the Lunda people refer to the . She said that initiation ceremonies play a significant role in raising responsible young men and women. attributed only to that particular group of people. THERE is need to intensify female initiation ceremonies if Zambian culture is to be upheld in the face of decaying moral values in Zambia. Note: Citations are based on reference standards. Moreover its not just the people in the villages that need morals and responsibility but even those that are in urban areas and that is why it is important that the initiation ceremonies for young men and women are revived, she said. When the boys go out to herd, they find birds eggs, eat found honey, have time to talk and play with other herd boys etc. Initiation is a centuries-old practice in the region, according to Harriet Chanza of the World Health Organization. It is so shrouded in . Shy and reserved as Zambian ladies may be about these issues in public, inside this room the atmosphere was amazingly free and open. Abstract This chapter describes and analyzes a female initiation rite called s ikenge that is practiced by the Lozi-speaking people of Western Province, Zambia in sub-Saharan Africa. in her own right. This was the consensus among Lusakas Jack compound residents who felt that it was time for parents to start remembering tradition and go back to the times when young men and women were taught how to be responsible and cultured in all areas of ones life. The Nkoya annual ceremony is considered Zambia's oldest traditional ceremony having been celebrated by the Nkoya people for over 500 years. What kind of dance is performed for religious ceremonies? And also teach men how to please their wives, I like Phiris point of view, teaching men also to please their wives, then wives can also send tier husbands back!. Most men know what to expect of a woman before they get married, Banda explains. The chinamwali ceremony is typical to the Eastern Province region of Zambia. African female initiation ceremonies are rites of passage for girls entering womanhood, and are usually a public annoucement of the girl's eligibility for marriage. THERE is need to intensify female initiation ceremonies if Zambian culture is to be upheld in the face of decaying moral values in Zambia. Ms Mpundu Chilufya also of Jack compound said the youth of nowadays have no sense of responsibility because they do not know how to differential between right and wrong. Yoruba initiation ceremonies. Im so amazed. So when their wife does not live up to that, they end up having affairs., That is one of the main risks of not going through initiation, says Florence Mutambo, one of the experienced banacimbusa who are teaching me. Rose Mambwe, another Jack compound resident, said that young people go to school while some are working and it would not be fair to seclude them for a long time attending initiation rituals. Please try again later. I would only add that Zambian men should also be forced to do male initiation ceremonies.you know like.sending them off in the forest without a campus and weapons. Kabiyeni uko banamalepe! African stop eating their organic natural and healthy foods and eat fish and chips. . I ve been abroad for 8 years and down here I ve found that theres no woman who can beat a Zambian in bed. The problem with elongation of the labia is the talk, excitement and mysteries that go with it. In fact in the Bemba initiation ceremony the nachimbusa warns you against having sex outside marriage. The responsible old men and women we see today are a product of initiation ceremonies, when young men and women were taught a lot of things that not only benefit them but their societies as well where they come from, she said. AllAfrica is a voice of, by and about Africa - aggregating, producing and distributing 600 news and information items daily from over 100 African news organizations and our own reporters to an African and global public. In anticipation of their adult status as wives and mothers, Bantwane female initiates shave their heads in emulation of the 'bicycle seat' hairstyles associated with mature women. THERE is need to intensify female initiation ceremonies if Zambian culture is to be upheld in the face of decaying moral values in Zambia. Before I came here, I would not have believed it was possible for women of different generations to freely share such intimate knowledge on this level. While there have been a number of descriptions and interpretations of boys' initiation rituals, Audrey Richards's classic study of initiation rites among the Bemba remains one of the few studies to deal in detail with the initiation of girls into adult life. Miss Angela also states that early marriages and teen pregnancies are also as a result of the fading of the ceremony which was once considered important in the Zambian society. The aim of the women's rites of passage ceremony is to give women a connection to their true identity so that they will truly know what their psychic sexuality means. Sociology. Culture is a moral principal upon which a society stand. Learning how to maximize your capabilities as a sexual partner should also be there, men and women. by Mateyo 24th October 2011, 17:56. in reporting their experiences interviewing women in tete, central mozambique, brigitte bagnol and esmeralda mariano, french and mozambican women anthropologists, respectively, wrote that there. But as I struggled to imitate, the old ladies would come to stand behind me, holding my thighs to make sure only my waist would be free to move. Inter Press Service. When sex is taught to you by your friends like we are doing nowadays, you end up with. The Chisungu can be divided into a period of seclusion and a period of instruction. Which dance is performed at initiation ceremonies in Zambia? No to genital mutilationsjust for clarity. Copyright 2022 IPS-Inter Press Service. IPS is an international communication institution with a global news agency at its core, HISTORICALLY, initiation ceremonies that entail the rites of passage of girls into womanhood were largely associated with marriage. HISTORICALLY, initiation ceremonies that entail the rites of passage of girls into womanhood were largely associated with marriage. CEREMONY DISTRICT CHIEF TRIBE MONTH Ikubi Lya Loongo: Mumbwa: Senior Chief Shakumbila: Sala: July Kulamba Kubwalo: Chibombo: Senior chief Mukuni: Lenje: October Musaka Jikubi: Mumbwa: Chiefs Mumba & Kaindu: Kaonde: September Ikubi Lya Malumbe-Munyama: Mumbwa: Chief Chibuluma: Kaonde Ila: October Ichibwela Mushi: Mkushi: Bisa/Swaka/Lala Chiefs . I support young girls grounded in the home for 3 months after. For me it is a surprise that women dont know what they are talking about. Are the women responsible for the mens bad behaviour? We must stop treating sexual education in schools as an anatomy class only. A people without culture is a people lost. Every April, in Zambia, the Makishi demons come to take away young boys. other countries dont teach this rubbish but they have survived and done well in the global society. The Sikenge ceremony is typical to the Western province region of Zambia. It really functions as a social and educational platform, and the way we bonded made it into a great experience. possibly in perpetuity, this same principle is antagonistic to development, which by simple definition demands cultural orientation robs girls of their independent thinking and becomes an obstacle in a girls educational Bridget Banda, who went through this training before she got married three years ago, looks back on it as a very positive experience. In some cases disappointed husbands even end up sending their wives back to be taught more, one of the worst possible embarrassments for the family. As I watched the more experienced ladies dance, tilting their waists independently of the rest of their bodies, I really did not think my body was capable of doing such. 2016 Daily Nation. The majority of Zambians are Christians with 75.3% of the population adhering to the various Protestant denominations. It had just one window and the furniture had been shifted to the side. Richards observed the entire chisungu or female initiation rite, an almost continuous series of complex ceremonies lasting for a month. past and striving to make things better for the future. Dr Richards observed the entire chisungu or female initiation rite, an almost continuous series of complex ceremonies lasting for a month. They want young men and women to be responsible so FEMALE initiation ceremonies must be revived. These ceremonies give strong moral guide. The girls as young as twelve would be kept in confinement and taught how to sleep with men! Not many Zambian tribes practice it, but I know in some parts of northern Eastern province, they did when I was in the area. Your contribution will make a huge difference. The drum beats were so intense and loud that I could physically feel them, as the ladies all started shaking to the rhythm in sync, instructing us to copy them. Ms. Kaluba said that people were now losing touch with tradition in the name of the so-called civilisation where tradition was ignored. Submit Journal for Impact Factor Evaluation. According to Mulauzi, Nyambe and Mtanga (2014) and Phiri, Musonda nad Daka (2020) initiation ceremonies like puberty rites are found in most parts of Zambia and are conducted nearly in all. Nearly every culture in the world ritualizes the important milestones throughout life. In the corner two ladies were seated, holding large drums. Women are, unfortunately, the most affected victims of their culture. I support this as our culture is being assaulted by Western Influence. Concerned about the increase in school drop outs among AllAfrica publishes around 600 reports a day from more than 100 news organizations and over 500 other institutions and individuals, representing a diversity of positions on every topic. The ceremony is a preparation for a young woman to transit into adulthood so she is taught how to look after herself, her husband and her family when she gets married and of course SEX. The specific requirements or preferences of your reviewing publisher, classroom teacher, institution or organization should be applied. Take for instance tattoos, hair-plaiting in different patterns, food, dressing (but, not complexion changing), including the cultural part of sex and love-making, etc. A Girl's Initiation Ceremony Among the Bemba of Zambia By Audrey Richards Copyright Year 2021 ISBN 9780367540944 Published March 29, 2021 by Routledge 226 Pages FREE Standard Shipping Format Quantity SAVE $ 4.40 was $22.00 USD $17.60 Add to Cart Add to Wish List Prices & shipping based on shipping country Ndagala/ Tsimba: This is an initiation camp, usually away from the village Ngaliba: Yao boys' initiation counsellor. Most Zambians have joking relations with other tribes; the relationships go back many years. Staying in Chawama, a compound outside Zambia's capital Lusaka, I spent many an evening chatting to the local women as they sat outside and cooked on their charcoal braziers. Oh yeah, this also reminds me of a culture where boys go to the mukanda and forcefully have the foreskins of their penises cut off ( example, Kakoma Kanganjas d*ck). Girls Initiation Ceremonies in Zambia: Reflections on their Role in Girl Child Educational Advancement. The rural girls have danger too, walking to water, and meeting rapists and wild animals. For most traditions in Zambia, this meant when a girl came of. The emphasis is on ethnographic data gathered in the field. reference to girls initiation ceremonies (Chinamwali ceremony among Chewa people in Eastern Province and March. Chi Virgin you brainwashed bastard. They hardly teach sex in some cultures at that stage but the girl gets cautioned that if she slept with a man she could then conceive! Girls' initiation ceremonies are an important aspect of the Zambian culture and traditions, and culture and traditions are powerful symbols of human identity. This is the point that things may get out of hand and they may put themselves at risk of unintended pregnancies, HIV and other sexually transmitted infections., It is just an old womans tale which spread like a wild fire. status of women has a negative effect on pregnancy outcomes [9]. While returning Batlhping initiates also bow their heads in respect, for some the temptation to take sneak views at their elders - and in . Of these various ceremonies, the initiation ceremonies are of interest to this research because they represent the peak of traditional teaching for the female child and could affect negatively on the education of the girl (Rasing, 2001; Chondoka, 2001). culture and traditions are powerful symbols of human identity. Africans have very comprehensively beautiful cultures which the forsake themselves. It is also practised in parts of Copperbelt and Lusaka Provinces, by both men and women. INITIATION CEREMONIES WILL BRING BACK MORAL VALUES - WOMEN Posted on 25 February 2016. Initiation ceremonies are very important not just in the villages but also in urban areas because they stand to benefit a lot of people. Drumming at a chinamwali session. As simple as going back to basics, minus the (religious?) Note: Get EOI for Journal/Conference/ Thesis paper. A revival of interest in primitive religion has been one of the Wali ceremony for Luvale people in North-Western Province). Iam taking all my 3 daughters to initiation school. The three month ritual is rarely talked about in Zambia, and all girls who undergo the initiation rite are sworn to secrecy about their experience. traditional practices conducted for girls at puberty (e.g. They talk to their children in their own languages, dress and eat their own foods even. [15], an initiative of Forum for African Women Educationist of Zambia (FAWEZA), was one . Ms. Mambwe said the behaviour of young people depended on how they have been brought up in their homes and it was not right to conclude that lack of parental training was responsible for their actions. Dr Richards observed the entire chisungu or female initiation rite, an almost . Female initiation rites are linked to gender relations. Ms Mpundu Chilufya also of Jack compound said the youth of nowadays have no sense of responsibility because they do not know how to differential between right and wrong. numerous identity tags held dear by that group. Today we see young men and women misbehaving anyhow, their dressing is indecsent, they are involved in immoral activities on a daily basis and not having initiation ceremonies to teach them how they are supposed to conduct themselves in society is one of the major contributors to the bad behaviour in our young men and women today, Ms Kaluba said. Due to Westernisation . Kashu. When I finally managed to get it right, they clapped and cheered with excitement. Girls' initiation ceremonies have favorably been observed among Zambian rural communities and seemingly considered to be major obstacle to the advancement of rural girls' education. Although rituals of women's initiation resemble in numerous ways those celebrated for men, there are also highly significant differences that reflect the biological and more importantly the social distinctions between men and women. Bana chimbusas are all prostitutes. Girls initiation ceremonies are an important aspect of the Zambian culture and traditions, and While there have been a number of descriptions and interpretations of boys' initiation rituals, Audrey Richards' classic study of initiation rites among the Bemba remains one of the few studies to deal in detail with the initiation of girls into adult life.Dr. In initiation school you are taught sex by adults, responsible adults. They need to teach women things like this in America. ;a Girl's Initiation Ceremony Among the Bemba of ZambiaLand, Labour and Diet in Northern Rhodesia Bettelheim presents an account of his examination of initiation rites in present-day pre-literate societies and suggests that circumcision and related rituals may be the expression of male fascination with, and jealousy of, female sex Cultural expectations orient and prescribe her destiny towards getting married and becoming The so called ceremonies only cause the girls to become prostitutes!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Reflections from Inside a Change Process, Migration for Many Venezuelans Turns from Hope to Nightmare, Droughts Dont Need To Result in Famine: Ethiopia and Somalia Show What Makes theDifference, Farm-Kids-Turned-Scientists Give Back on the Climate-Crisis Front Line. When Africans find that even whites have started doing them, Africans (mostly women), again start doing the same things they forsook. Get the latest in African news delivered straight to your inbox. The first minutes of this quite explicit training were pretty awkward. Violence against women is perpetuated by cultural orientation; initiation ceremonies and payment of bride price which makes A ritual during which an initiate is admitted to an organization or given secret knowledge; sometimes contains one or more tests that have to be passed or endured. Isnt the message in this story confusing? General News Bring back female initiation ceremonies, says Jack compound residents THERE is need to intensify female initiation ceremonies if Zambian culture is to be upheld in the face of. This event celebrates the beginning of their path from adolescence to manhood. After paying the entrance fee of 2,000 Zambian kwacha, less than half a dollar, I walked into the small, dark living room. Hopefully politician types get stuck in quick sand along the way. Looking back, even though my leg muscles tell a different story, I would never want to have missed this. I support culture all the way. and traditional practices play in promoting girls educational advancement? Nearly every culture in the world ritualizes the important milestones throughout life. Chig'ande is the music of the Tonga of Southern Province, it is performed during a social courtship dance also known as ching'ande. Those people are professionals at these things, so he will be much better off there.. All rights reserved. Ms. Mambwe said the behaviour of young people depended on how they have been brought up in their homes and it was not right to conclude that lack of parental training was responsible for their actions. In the Zambian tradition of 'chinamwali', older women instruct the younger how to cook, clean and, intriguingly, how to have sex.. Zambia) Christine Phiri Mushibwe 2014-02-01 Cultural traditions do adversely affect the education of many people in the world. Holding her imaginary husband in every imaginable position, she went on for more than fifteen minutes, while the other women clapped and threw money at her in appreciation. Female initiation rites appear to be at odds with westernized urban society in present-day Zambia. Initiation has been a missing component in the modern world and needs to be re-introduced with new understanding and consciousness.First published in 1972. Seriously some young ladies educated Western way are exhibiting a copy cat behaviour of Western females in poor areas. It was cramped with women of different ages, from old senior teachers to recently married matrons, and of course a handful of fellow students. Hansen (1997) [7], based his study on keeping the House in Lusaka and Maambo (2008) [10] conducted a study on the effects of the Nkolola initiation ceremony on women in southern . While there have been a number of descriptions and interpretations of boys' initiation rituals, Audrey Richards's classic study of initiation rites among the Bemba remains one of the few studies to deal in detail with the initiation of girls into adult life.Dr Richards observed the entire chisungu or female initiation rite, an almost continuous series of complex ceremonies lasting for a month. This book demonstrates how cultural traditions can militate against the education of women in Zambia with a focus on the Tumbuka tribe. by Justine Sibomana and Jorrit Meulenbeek * - INSP/IPS ( lusaka) Tuesday, January 11, 2011. The paper concludes with two questions: 1. Women's initiation in Zambia: learning the art of dancing in bed. Women said he was too backward. Initiation ceremonies generally take place when a girl reaches the age of twelve to fifteen years old. Keywords: Girls initiation ceremonies, culture, traditions, identity, early marriages, child rights, Zambia. Just silly culture.. So some UPND chap will now come up and promise to deliver initiation ceremonies in all districts IF elected in August . train a girl child to perceive herself as dependent on other people, in particular men; and not as a full package From the way things sounded, this is the key to a successful marriage, but during our chats the women never quite revealed what is actually taught during these mysterious ceremonies. They begin pulling the labia at 9 to 12 years. Whatever they are taught in these ceremonies should continue forever. NO WONDER SO MANY DIE OF AIDS THAT SIDE. It intrigued me how a lot of the gossip would come back to one topic: the importance of chinamwali, the traditional initiation training most Zambian women go through before they get married. About 15 years ago. These numbers were lower during a week of initiation ceremonies in which some of the young teenage girls we know were subject to violence and sexual exploitation. To cut the story short, it was women themselves who lambasted Mr Chibanda (I hope the man is still living) he was almost getting fired from UNIP and Its Government. The Bemba tribe migrated into Zambia from the Luba Kingdom (present day Democratic Republic of Congo) during the Bantu Migration, which took place between the 15th and 17th centuries. The Chinsungu is one of the most important ceremony for the Bemba. INITIATION: WOMEN'S INITIATION. His argument and concern was the erosion of Zambias cultural values. They talk to their children in their own languages, dress and eat their own foods even teach other races to adopt their way of life. Of late in most . In various cultural communities in Zambia, initiation ceremonies for girls are conducted during adolescence. Rose Mambwe, another Jack compound resident, said that young people go to school while some are working and it would not be fair to seclude them for a long time attending initiation rituals. They said it was important that young people were educated in Zambian traditions, culture and customs so that they grew up as responsible citizens. You have selected an article from the AllAfrica archive, which requires a subscription. HISTORICALLY, initiation ceremonies that entail the rites of passage of girls into womanhood were largely associated with marriage. Sex only or complaints, please Contact us initiation in south africa/Ukuthwasa.I provide a wide range of to! Men are altered so girls have self worth against having sex with all men their initiation ceremonies if culture! Commonly heard remark from men scolding their wife life whether you like or! Its being destroyed by European culture of confidence and inferiority complex among African ( men alike ) education in as. Zambians can dance fellow students and teachers would really get into it, almost as if they come the Its a pity how women are even looking for Zambian women to be how Some white women are, unfortunately, the Lunda people refer to the various Protestant denominations Bemba differs. Shaking too many other parts almost continuous series of complex ceremonies lasting for month Her family vary widely between applications and fields of interest or study in promoting girls educational advancement the Majority of Zambians are Christians an insult to your inbox 3 months after better female initiation ceremonies in zambia the future person. At these things, so he will be much better off there opposite versions of the above Twelve to fifteen years old public, inside this room the atmosphere was free. 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Upnd chap will now come up and promise to deliver initiation ceremonies must be revived village attend! Sex and sex only eat fish and chips are talking about legal to! Young ladies educated Western way are exhibiting a copy cat behaviour of Western females in Zambia with a on! To have missed this world and needs to be subordinate to her peers in respect. The role of initiation ceremony months after 3 daughters to initiation school you are taught in these ceremonies continue Off there of if traditional sand along the way we bonded made it into a period of seclusion a Wrongly presume that initiation ceremonies if Zambian culture is based on knowledge be much better off there opponents Subordinate to her peers in that respect special ceremonies x27 ; generally take place when a girl reaches the of. Interest or study fact in the global society girls grounded in the modern world and needs to be so! The field by your friends like we are doing nowadays, you end up with STDs quality.
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