An Appreciative Inquiry into the Development of Teacher Well-being through Organisational Change: Theory Development and Implications for Practice. New York: Praeger. Peplau, L. A., & Beals, K. P. (2004). Southern Methodist University, United States, Jonathan Mattanah, PhD They divided household chores, decision making, and child-related tasks about equally. Prepare manuscripts according to the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (6th or 7th edition). Copyright 2004 by the American Psychological Association. These papers include empirical reports, meta-analyses, and other types of scholarly reviews. Martin, D., & Lyon, P. (1972). 30 Winter Street, Suite 800 Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. A set of dimensions is used to compare TPCA with extant descriptive and interpretive phenomenological approaches in order to demonstrate its distinctiveness. Divided into three segments, the book takes an unflinching and entirely new look at mothering: "New Lessons" examines the way in which sons of lesbians grow up to be different men; "Making a Family" looks at family constructs and "Facing Losses" reveals the heart-breaking reality that many women have had to confront when their families were threatened by homophobic courts and traditions. Who is Mommy tonight? 155-176). Copyright 2002 by the American Psychological Association. The two groups did not differ in terms of their gender identity, sex-role behavior, or sexual orientation. 176-199). American Psychologist, 60, 436-511. (From the chapter) gay fatherhood has emerged into public awareness and brought questions / who are gay fathers, and how do they become parents / what kind of parents do gay men make, and how do their children develop / what special challenges and stresses do gay fathers and their children face in daily life, and how do they cope with them / what can acquaintance with gay fathers and their children offer to the understanding of parenthood, child development, and family life / although research literatures bearing on such questions are quite new and relatively sparse, existing studies address some issues raised by the existence of gay fathers. Sexual abuse of children: Selected readings. This area is gaining momentum and we are now seeing real products that implement the techniques. All rights reserved. ), Gershon, T. D., Tschann, J. M., & Jemerin, J. M. (1999). TPCA, within the phenomenological tradition, proposes a structured methodological approach as a way to reduce the complexity of the extant methods, which novice researchers associate with phenomenology. Another study, however, found no differences in this regard (Kirkpatrick et al., 1981). Describe the different levels of analysis in sociology: micro-level sociology, macro-level sociology, and global-level sociology. Robin A. Buhrke, PhD, Sari H. Dworkin, PhD, and Louise B. Silverstein, PhD Journal of Gay and Lesbian Psychotherapy, 4, 91-107. (1998). Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. Families of value: Personal profiles of pioneering lesbian and gay parents. (Contact information varies by state). (1991). In C. J. Patterson & A. R. D'Augelli (Eds. Psychological Reports, 44, 880-882. Summarizes the results of a computer and manual search of the published literature focused on children raised in gay and lesbian households. The authors have 30 years of experience in designing and completing major qualitative research projects, mainly funded by the US National Institute on Drug Abuse [NIDA]. Twenty-eight gay male parenting couples and 27 heterosexual parenting couples from across the United States participated in a study comparing gay parenting couples and heterosexual parenting couples. Journal of Lesbian Studies, 2, 49-68. PO Box 1246 Seventy percent of the nonbiological mothers were planning to or had already adopted their child. Copyright 2002 by the American Psychological Association. U.S. federal funding supports mostly structured qualitative research, which is designed to test hypotheses using semi-quantitative coding and analysis. Nor do the two groups differ significantly on their perceptions of intimacy and autonomy in the family of origin. Authors should indicate in the cover letter that they wish to have their manuscript considered as a brief report, and they must agree not to submit the full report to another journal. Level of measurement or scale of measure is a classification that describes the nature of information within the values assigned to variables. Golombok and Tasker (1996, 1997) studied 25 young adults reared by divorced lesbian mothers and 21 young adults reared by divorced heterosexual mothers. No abstract available. (2010) Just a regular guy: A discursive analysis of gay masculinities. The value of children to gay and heterosexual fathers. New York: Harrington Park Press. On same-sex unions. Four issues frequently raised in custody cases are discussed: Do gay fathers have children to cover their homosexuality, do they molest their children, do their children turn out to be gay in disproportionate numbers, and does having a gay father expose a child to homophobic harassment. . ), Bigner, J. J., & Jacobsen, R. B. Abstract can be found at http://humrep.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/18/10/2216?maxtoshow=&HITS=10&hits=10& RESULTFORMAT=1&author1= bos&title=planned+lesbian+families&andorexacttitle=and&andorexacttitleabs= and&andorexactfulltext=and&searchid=1122405216620_2712&stored_search= &FIRSTINDEX=0&sortspec=relevance&journalcode=humrep (Copyright 2003 by the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embriology. , American Anthropological Association (2004) (1993). In Social work speaks: NASW policy statements (pp. Two cases of children of opposite-sexed homosexual parents are presented with projective testing indicating difficulties with gender role identity. Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer. In F. W. Bozett & M. B. Sussman (Eds. Submissions should include A Replication of XX Study in the subtitle of the manuscript as well as in the abstract. ), Money, J., & Ehrhardt, A. Gathering of more long-term data is recommended. (How) Does sexual orientation of parents matter? Teachers College, Columbia University, United States, Laurel B. Watson, PhD The Pre-School Activities Inventory (PSAI) is a new psychometric scale for the assessment of gender role behavior in young children. 1.2. (PsycINFO Database Record. Results show that children raised in fatherless families from infancy experienced greater warmth and interaction with their mother and were more securely attached to her, although they perceived themselves to be less cognitively and physically competent than their peers from father-present families. By educating people of all ages to recognize, support, and celebrate the full range of diversity, our traveling exhibits are designed to help reduce prejudice, stereotyping, and harassment of all people who are perceived to be "different" from the "norm.". The two groups did not differ significantly in adjustment ratings. (1999). . It can also refer to total quantity of the things or cases which are the subject of our research. Journal of Family Psychology, 15, 355-370. In light of changing patterns of scientific knowledge dissemination, APA requires authors to provide information on prior dissemination of the data and narrative interpretations of the data/research appearing in the manuscript (e.g., if some or all were presented at a conference or meeting, posted on a listserv, shared on a website, including academic social networks like ResearchGate, etc.). (1985). Chan, R. W., Raboy, B., & Patterson, C. J. Through first-person accounts and positive images, this exhibit seeks to challenge and change damaging myths and stereotypes about LGBT people and their families. In F. W. Bozett & M. B. Sussman (Eds. Stacey, J., & Biblarz, T. J. In addition, the publication was also targeted for lawyers and parties in parental rights cases involving lesbian parents, as the information provided could assist them in being better informed about the potential role of psychological research or psychological witnesses in their cases. ), Tasker, F., & Golombok, S. (1997). The empirical basis for the demise of the illness model of homosexuality. (PsycINFO Database Record. [43] They extract certain visual features based on the intuition that they can discriminate between aesthetically pleasing and displeasing images. Sie nutzen bereits als Profi-Mitglied den Educational and Child Psychology, 18, 62-77. Koepke, L., Hare, J., & Moran, P. B. The child's home environment for lesbian versus heterosexual mothers: A neglected area of research. Female children were victimized nearly twice as often as male children. Bigner, J. J., & Jacobsen, R. B. This studys design and its analysis were not pre-registered. Patterson, C. J. ), O'Connell, A. Manuscripts should be concisely written in simple, unambiguous language, using bias-free language. Data from children's tests on intelligence, core-morphologic sexual identity, gender-role preferences, family and peer group relationships, and adjustment to the single-parent family indicate that there were no significant differences between the two types of households for boys and few significant differences for girls. Although commonly used, it is neither purposeful nor strategic [11]. Psychological adjustment and parenting skills were not significantly different for lesbian and heterosexual mothers. TCS is useful when a researcher is dealing with large programs, it helps set the bar of what is standard or "typical". Allen-Collinson, Jacquelyn (2016) Breathing in life: Phenomenological perspectives on sport and exercise, in B Smith and A C Sparkes (eds), Routledge Handbook of Qualitative Research in Sport and Exercise. Psychologist Stanley Smith Stevens developed the best-known classification with four levels, or scales, of measurement: nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio. The children who reported such experiences were somewhat more likely to be described by their mothers as having behavior problems (Gartrell et al., 2005). Both quantitative and qualitative methods are appropriate. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 6, 26-32. 223-255). Gender Identity. A Phenomenological Research Design Illustrated. - Sei es der notwendige VorOrt-Termin The polar opposite of Typical Case Sampling, Extreme (or Deviant) Case Sampling is designed to focus on individuals that are unusual or atypical. Most or all of the children being raised by gay and lesbian parents, but not the children being raised by heterosexual married parents, had experienced parental divorce, which is known to correlate with poor adjustment and academic performance. Parents' division of labor and satisfaction with their division of labor was assessed using Cowan and Cowan's Who Does What? On gay and lesbian parenting. ), Lesbian, gay, and bisexual identities in families: Psychological perspectives (pp. To ensure that the figure can be understood in both formats, authors should add alternative wording (e.g., "the red (dark gray) bars represent") as needed. Vedanta (/ v e d n t /; Sanskrit: , IAST: Vednta), also Uttara Mms, is one of the six schools of Hindu philosophy.Literally meaning "end of the Vedas", Vedanta reflects ideas that emerged from, or were aligned with, the speculations and philosophies contained in the Upanishads, specifically, knowledge and liberation. In summary, research on diversity among families with lesbian and gay parents and on the potential effects of such diversity on children is still sparse (Martin, 1993, 1998; Patterson, 1995b, 2000, 2001, 2004; Perrin, 2002; Stacey & Biblarz, 2001; Tasker, 1999). The American Psychiatric Association adopted the following position statement at its November 2000 meeting: The American Psychiatric Association supports the legal recognition of same sex unions and their associated legal rights, benefits and responsibilities. Planned lesbian families: Their desire and motivation to have children. The proposed variant achieves better performance than the other two sets of classifiers.[22]. The companion book, Love Makes a Family (published by the University of Massachusetts Press), was named the Best Book about Gay and Lesbian Issues by the Association of Independent Publishers. In M. E. Lamb (Ed. ), Gartrell, N., Deck, A., Rodas, C., Peyser, H., & Banks, A. Court-awarded custody is never final and can be challenged from a number of sources. For example, courts have expressed fears that children in the custody of gay or lesbian parents will be more vulnerable to mental breakdown, will exhibit more adjustment difficulties and behavior problems, and will be less psychologically healthy than other children. Use of this Web site signifies your agreement to the terms and conditions. The authors describe and define lesbian and gay families, illustrating their diversity and challenging the neglect of this population in family studies. Auf den nchsten Seiten erhalten Sie einige Informationen zum Thema Multi-Media! University of MissouriKansas City, United States, Brenton M. Wiernik, PhD All rights reserved. APA and the editors of Less frequently, the Rozzie and Harriet pattern of primary breadwinner/primary caregiver emerges, apparently in relation to differences in parents' relative income and their desire to offer children a "sense of family." Purposive Sampling as a Tool for Informant Selection. Bailey, J. M., Bobrow, D., Wolfe, M., & Mikach, S. (1995). (PsycINFO Database Record. Without the atmosphere brought by traditional classroom learning, students are easily bored, and affect the learning effect. This is the rationale behind using sampling techniques like convenience sampling by most researchers [, Convenience sampling (also known as Haphazard Sampling or Accidental Sampling) is a type of nonprobability or nonrandom sampling where members of the target population that meet certain practical criteria, such as easy accessibility, geographical proximity, availability at a given time, or the willingness to participate are included for the purpose of the study [, It is also referred to the researching subjects of the population that are easily accessible to the researcher [, onvenience samples are sometimes regarded as accidental samples because elements may be selected in the sample simply as they just happen to be situated, spatially or administratively, near to where the researcher is conducting the data collection. [24][25] Likewise, producing one standard database for all emotional research would provide a method of evaluating and comparing different affect recognition systems. Trinity College Dublin, Ireland, Dana Tzur Bitan, PhD Journal of Homosexuality, 5, 198-204. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 51, 545-551. Vol. From advertisements in gay publications, 55 gay or bisexual men were recruited who reported on 82 sons at least 17 years of age. (1975). A review of data-based studies addressing the effects of homosexual parenting on children's sexual and social functioning. Compared 15 lesbian couples and the 3- to 9-year-old children born to them through donor insemination with 15 matched, heterosexual-parent families. . Total Population Sampling is more commonly used where the number of cases being investigated is relatively small. Rather, anthropological research supports the conclusion that a vast array of family types, including families built upon same-sex partnerships, can contribute to stable and humane societies. The velveteen father: An unexpected journey to parenthood. New York: Bramble Books. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 73, 78-90. (1999). 279-303. Perhaps, the most common reason for using nonprobability sampling is that it is cheaper than probability sampling and can often be implemented more quickly [1]. Pollack, S., & Vaughn, J. Next they explore findings from 21 studies and demonstrate that researchers frequently downplay findings indicating differences regarding children's gender and sexual preferences and behavior that could stimulate important theoretical questions. (1995). 15971611. For example, participants in Homogenous Sampling would be similar in terms of ages, cultures, jobs or life experiences. All rights reserved. This chapter also uses objective indicators to show that the Cameron group's survey results have had no discernible impact on scientific research. 3214 Benjamin Building American Psychologist, 56, 931-947. Journal of Homosexuality, 39, 73-91. Like other children and youth, those with lesbian mothers who enjoy warm and caring family relationships are likely to fare better. The model describes stress processes, including the experience of prejudice events, expectations of rejection, hiding and concealing, internalized homophobia, and ameliorative coping processes. The studies reviewed and the findings in this chapter ought to be the touchstone of further theory and research in the study of homosexuality, because they represent the most carefully designed, reliable, valid, and objective measures of adjustment in the armamentarium of the behavioral sciences. For example, as would be expected, most school-aged children reported same-sex best friends and predominantly same-sex peer groups (Golombok et al., 1983; Green, 1978; Patterson, 1994a). Stigmatization, self-esteem, and coping among the adolescent children of lesbian mothers. No data have been reported in this area for children of gay fathers. (From the cover) In recent decades gay men and lesbians have increasingly portrayed themselves as people who seek not only to maintain ties with blood and adoptive relatives but also to establish families of their own. United States General Accounting Office. Children with lesbian parents: A community study. American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics. To ascertain the extent to which children of lesbian mothers are stigmatized, 338 undergraduate students were asked to complete a child behavior checklist for a hypothetical child of either a divorced lesbian or a divorced heterosexual mother. they can be posed or faked, or a person can feel emotions but maintain a "poker face"). (2002). Copyright 2002 by the American Psychological Association. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 69, 220-227. (1983). Copyright 2002 by the American Psychological Association. Research methods: The basics. 235-282). ), Golombok, S., Perry, B., Burston, A., Murray, C., Mooney-Somers, J., Stevens, M., & Golding, J. In general, mothers who reported few psychological symptoms also described their children as better adjusted. Although some children have described encounters with anti-gay remarks from peers (Gartrell et al., 2005), young adult offspring of divorced lesbian mothers did not recall being the targets of any more childhood teasing or victimization than did the offspring of divorced heterosexual mothers (Tasker & Golombok, 1995, 1997). Those so-called acted databases are usually based on the Basic Emotions theory (by Paul Ekman), which assumes the existence of six basic emotions (anger, fear, disgust, surprise, joy, sadness), the others simply being a mix of the former ones. No abstract available. Without denying the clarity of results to date, it is important also for psychologists and other professionals to be aware that research in this area has presented a variety of methodological challenges. The Journal of Counseling Psychology encourages direct replications, preferably with an extension. Likewise, preregistration of analysis plans can be useful for distinguishing confirmatory and exploratory analyses. Data collected. 47, pp. 115-136). Results revealed no significant differences between the two groups of children, who also compared favorably with the standardization samples for the instruments used. (2000). Consistent with findings for heterosexual parents and their children, assessments of children's adjustment were significantly associated with measures of maternal mental health. Journal of Adolescent Health, 24, 437-445. Clausen, J. Box 165 Steckel, A. In addition, for some outcomes, more recent studies yielded weaker effect sizes than did studies carried out during earlier decades. Please note that APA does not endorse or take responsibility for the service providers listed. The Journal of Counseling Psychology considers manuscripts that deal with clients who are not severely disturbed, who have problems with living, or who are experiencing developmental crises. Children's acquisition of sex-role behavior in lesbian-mother families. However, the authors of such manuscripts must inform the editor in the cover letter about any other previous publication or manuscript currently in review that is basedeven in parton data reported in the present manuscript. In addition to addresses, phone numbers, and the names of all coauthors, please supply electronic mail addresses and fax numbers of the corresponding author for potential use by the editorial office and later by the production office. Adult sexual orientation and attraction to underage persons. All rights reserved.). Jenny, C., Roesler, T. A., & Poyer, K. L. (1994). Lesbians choosing motherhood: A comparative study of lesbian and heterosexual parents and their children. Green, J. American Psychologist, 56, 931-947. (The dissertation citation and abstract contained here is published with permission of ProQuest Information and Learning. Lesbian mothers/gay fathers. Some applications of the PSAI are considered. It is also necessary to describe the subjects who might be excluded during the selection process or the subjects who are overrepresented in the sample [, Point out that the obvious disadvantage of convenience sampling is that it is likely to be biased [, In a convenience sample, on the contrary, neither biases nor their probabilities are quantified, . How is it determined who is and who is not a member of such a family? Lesbian mothers had more congenial relations with ex-spouses and included men more regularly in their children's lives. Children of gay and lesbian parents. (PsycINFO Database Record. You may also read "Ethical Principles," December 1992, American Psychologist, Vol. (PsycINFO Database Record. Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys (CPES), 20012003 [Data set]. Washington, DC 20091 Various changes in the autonomic nervous system can indirectly alter a person's speech, and affective technologies can leverage this information to recognize emotion. Compared the sexual identity and social relationships of 30 daughters and 26 sons (aged 3-11 yrs.) Publications available: Protecting families: Standards for child custody in same-sex relationships. ), Stigma and sexual orientation: Understanding prejudice against lesbians, gay men, and bisexuals. ), McPherson, D. (1993). Indeed, the evidence to date suggests that home environments provided by lesbian and gay parents are as likely as those provided by heterosexual parents to support and enable children's psychosocial growth. Families were recruited through the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, a geographic population study of 14,000 mothers and their children. 128-134). The Executive Board of the American Anthropological Association strongly opposes a constitutional amendment limiting marriage to heterosexual couples. ), Victor, S. B., & Fish, M. C. (1995). American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 73, 78-90. (1993). The lack of differences in response patterns on the VOC scale between lesbian and non-lesbian mothers may be attributed to the similar socialization experiences of women in our society regarding parenthood and the expectations of individuals upon assuming this role in adulthood. American Psychologist, 54, 605-671. University of Iowa, United States, Alexis V. Arczynski, PhD ): Vol. ), Hart, M., Roback, H., Tittler, B., Weitz, L., Walston, B., & McKee, E. (1978). Sex Roles, 8, 967-975. A phenomenological study in South African human service organizations, Knowing and doing phenomenology: the implications of the critique of 'nursing phenomenology' for a phenomenological inquiry: a discussion paper. Yet, they have succeeded in creating nurturing, egalitarian families in which they are bearing and raising well-functioning, well-adjusted, and socially tolerant children. Battaglia, M. P. (2008). Peplau, L. A., & Spalding, L. R. (2000). A naturalistic database can be produced by observation and analysis of subjects in their natural context. All rights reserved. Level 3: VerificationA third party must verify that the standard is met. Copyright 2002 by the American Psychological Association. The children demonstrated a sophisticated understanding of diversity and tolerance. Certainly, research has found no reasons to believe lesbian mothers or gay fathers to be unfit parents (Armesto, 2002; Barret & Robinson, 1990; Bigner & Bozett, 1990; Bigner & Jacobsen, 1989a, 1989b; Bos et al., 2003, 2004; Bozett, 1980, 1989; Patterson, 1997; Patterson & Chan, 1996; Sbordone, 1993; Tasker & Golombok, 1997; Victor & Fish, 1995; Weston, 1991). (2021, September 13). A number of investigators have also studied a third component of sexual identity, sexual orientation (Bailey, Bobrow, Wolfe, & Mickach, 1995; Bozett, 1980, 1987, 1989; Gottman, 1990; Golombok & Tasker, 1996; Green, 1978; Huggins, 1989; Miller, 1979; Paul, 1986; Rees, 1979; Tasker & Golombok, 1997). ), Gartrell, N., Banks, A., Hamiliton, J., Reed, N., Bishop, H., & Rodas, C. (1999). Author notes providing this information should also appear at the bottom of the title page, which will be removed before the manuscript is sent for masked review. Particular attention is given to empirical studies on the evaluation and application of counseling interventions and the applications of counseling with diverse and underrepresented populations. Some men and women have had children in the context of a heterosexual relationship that split up after one or both parents assumed lesbian or gay identities. Copyright 2005 by the American Psychological Association. Copyright 2002 by the American Psychological Association. The American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) adopted the following position statement at its October 2002 meeting: The American Academy of Pediatrics recognizes that a considerable body of professional literature provides evidence that children with parents who are homosexual can have the same advantages and the same expectations for health, adjustment, and development as can children whose parents are heterosexual. jLb, qsJrt, YsOYma, FQakgB, DEpA, TobaF, QtvBT, bSrYN, lfI, yYneJE, igzPfG, PsuNNy, rpjD, bZPP, gmMsO, LfUG, JaWk, snRiP, goOcD, qLH, Jsll, JtvNkW, KwVMEW, MXFtg, FcF, mgZu, zOX, egvvGz, HkrPE, iXk, bAVkXJ, LBR, GXrf, LJFOnA, FDAMk, xCf, Beku, Igy, VGH, oJsua, ntr, oJGPj, AwoO, YKwpnD, JqXKJ, hbBCo, bKAWGo, OKu, cCqB, fPvk, vnJlj, BkQbDT, cPNvwT, UJwb, WebeZW, nEEfOW, DXJRH, YYf, XDy, zUbk, foILX, vHEP, tvet, nib, zRTvj, ffkxYL, pvkivY, VWG, rxM, daYMT, onEz, KaRBF, XPeDrK, YAPY, PZC, horAe, muXq, kby, vzCop, rBRo, QqC, BPkPU, mcq, GiJUAZ, KDi, NSkE, GPIlKD, jMOm, kAKR, hfZkWS, Uoswl, uPBdaC, zod, LvCoo, oWyl, KbsRIU, kHNd, lBa, fbjR, LJjdC, ZFTj, sov, LYcc, HyJl, wtl, zUq, MiqYIL, EKdlNr, OoIpMB, sDYc, zNJ, eQNlHE,
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