[23] Banditry is criminal activity involving robbery by groups of armed bandits. [206][207] MSME sector is the second-largest employment generator in Uttar Pradesh, the first being agriculture and employs over 9.2million people across the state. [31] Mughal emperors Babur and Humayun ruled from Delhi. [37][39][40][41] 1970s Bollywood crime films such as Deewaar and Amar Akbar Anthony (1977) also have similarities to the heroic bloodshed crime genre of 1980s Hong Kong action cinema. Madhya Pradesh also has three major seasons Summer, Monsoon, and Winter. 24. The regions like Gwalior, Morena and Datia record temperatures of over 42C in May. [30][31] They reinterpreted the rural themes of Mehboob Khan's Mother India (1957) and Nitin Bose's Gunga Jumna (1961) in a contemporary urban context reflecting the socio-economic and socio-political climate of 1970s India,[32][33] channeling the growing discontent and disillusionment among the masses,[32] and unprecedented growth of slums,[34] and dealing with themes involving urban poverty, corruption, and crime,[35] as well as anti-establishment themes. The eastern part of the Ganges basin consists of the Son, the Tons and the Rihand Rivers. [232] The Lucknow Airport is the second-busiest airport in North India after the Indira Gandhi International Airport, New Delhi. Buddha Purnima, which marks the birth of Gautama Buddha, is a major Hindu and Buddhist festival, while Christmas is celebrated by the minority Christian population. The 5th division, with headquarters at Mhow, consisted of three brigades, located at Nasirabad, Jabalpur and Jhansi, and included the previous Mhow, Deesa, Nagpur, Narmada and Bundelkhand districts, with the Bombay district north of the Tapti. The Governor was appointed by the British Crown on the advice of the Secretary of State for India. Sampath, M. D., H. V. Trivedi, and Mandan Trivedi. According to its World Factbook, around 80 percent of the population is Hindu, 14.2 percent is Muslim, 2.3 percent is Christian, 1.7 percent is Sikh and 2 percent is unspecified. Son, which arises in the Maikal hills around Amarkantak, is the largest tributary that goes into the Ganges on the south bank and that does not arise from the Himalayas. [115] The Divisional Commissioner is an IAS officer of high seniority. During the 2015 South Indian floods, for the first time since its founding in 1878, the newspaper did not publish a print edition in Chennai market on 2 December, as workers were unable to reach the press building. Iyer quit the paper and Veeraraghavachariar became the sole owner and appointed C. Karunakara Menon the editor. There have also been prehistorical finds in Uttar Pradesh from the Middle and Upper Paleolithic dated to 21,00031,000 years old[21] and Mesolithic/Microlithic hunter-gatherer settlement, near Pratapgarh, from around 105509550 BCE. Aden including Socotra were placed under Bombay in 1839, Sind was annexed by the company in 1843 after defeating the Talpur dynasty in the Battle of Hyderabad. Since the empty string does not have a standard visual representation outside of formal language theory, the number zero is traditionally represented by a single decimal digit 0 instead. Most of the western Madhya Pradesh comes under Ratlam Rail Division of Western Railways, including cities like Indore, Ujjain, Mandsaur, Khandwa, Neemuch and Bairagarh in Bhopal. The perceived threat from Russia was vastly exaggerated, given the distances, the almost impassable mountain barriers, and logistical problems that an invasion would have to solve. [148][149][150][151], Uttar Pradesh government is a democratically elected body in India with the Governor as its constitutional head and is appointed by the President of India for a five-year term. The Terai-Duar savanna and grasslands support cattle. On 6 December 2017, the Madhya Pradesh Chief Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan announced that players from the state would be given government jobs on winning medals in international events. It is buttoned up to the collar and down to the knees. [54] A 4,948-kilometre-long (3,075mi) rail network criss-crosses the state, with Jabalpur serving as headquarters for the West Central Railway Zone of the Indian Railways. [198] According to a recent report of World Bank on Ease of Doing Business in India, Uttar Pradesh was ranked among the top 10 states and first among Northern states. The Presidency was divided into four Commisserates and twenty-four districts with Bombay city as the capital. The first mainland territory was acquired in the Konkan region with the Treaty of Bassein (1802). Uttar Pradesh is a favoured tourist destination in India due to the location of Taj Mahal, nearly 69 lakhs (6.9million) people visited the Taj Mahal in 201819, up 6% from the previous year when the number stood at 64 lakhs (6.4million). [153][154] Each government department is headed by a Minister, who is assisted by an Additional Chief Secretary or a Principal Secretary, who is usually an officer of Indian Administrative Service, the Additional Chief Secretary/Principal Secretary serve as the administrative head of the department they are assigned to. [233][234] Two more international airports have been proposed to be built at Kushinagar and Jewar, Greater Noida. The Province was well supplied with railways, all of which, with one exception, concentrated at Bombay City. [37] Unlike Stoddart, Dost Mohammad was able to escape from the dungeon and fled south to Afghanistan. As early as 1838, Count Karl Nesselrode, the Russian Foreign Minister, had suggested to the British Ambassador in St. Petersburg, Lord Clanricarde, that Britain and Russia sign a treaty delimiting spheres of influence in Asia to end the "Great Game" once and for all. It comprised the previous Poona district, Bombay district south of the Tapti, Belgaum district north of the Tungabhadra, and Dharwar and Aurangabad districts. Cooking styles vary from region to region. Sanskrit, an ancient Indo-European language, came from Northern India. [30] Before the fortress, the British were attacked by a force of the Ghilji tribesmen fighting under the banner of jihad who were desperate to kill farangis, a pejorative Pashtun term for the British, and were beaten off. They advanced through rough terrain, across deserts and 4,000-metre-high[dubious discuss] mountain passes, but made good progress and finally set up camps at Kandahar on 25 April 1839. to set up National Dinosaur Fossil Park in Dhar district", "Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above", Madhya Pradesh: Economic and Human Development Indicators, "Language India, States and Union Territories", "51st Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India", "Percentage of Hindus, Sikhs in MP declines, of Muslims rises", "Per Capita Net State Domestic Product at Current Prices", "A special report on India: Ruled by Lakshmi 11 Dec 2008 from, "Madhya Pradesh's GDP goes up to 12 per cent", "All India Installed Capacity (in MW) Of Power Stations (as on 30.11.2020))", "Electricity | District Rewa, Government of Madhya Pradesh | India", "750 MW Rewa solar project starts supplying power", "About Us | Energy Department, Government of Madhya Pradesh", "MP govt clears proposal for 52nd district", "Centre unveils list of 98 smart cities; UP, TN strike it rich", "Full list of 98 smart cities Times of India ", "Madhya Pradesh State Biodiversity Board", "Madhya Pradesh end long wait to win Ranji Trophy; beat Mumbai by 6 wickets", "Madhya Pradesh: Former Indian women's hockey team captain celebrates India's victory against Australia", Official Site for the Government of Madhya Pradesh, National Informatics Centre Madhya Pradesh, Autonomous administrative divisions of India, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Madhya_Pradesh&oldid=1115670902, States and territories established in 1956, Articles with dead external links from January 2018, Articles with permanently dead external links, All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2020, Pages using infobox settlement with no coordinates, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2021, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Alluvial soil, in Northern Madhya Pradesh. After the 1993 Bombay bombings, which Ibrahim allegedly organised and financed with Tiger Memon,[8] both became India's most wanted men. Two of the medieval India's most noted singers, Tansen and Baiju Bawra, were born near Gwalior in present-day Madhya Pradesh. Shipra River is one of the most sacred rivers of Hinduism. [57] The only person who took action that day was Shuja who ordered out one of his regiments from the Bala Hissar commanded by a Scots mercenary named Campbell to crush the riot, but the old city of Kabul with its narrow, twisting streets favored the defenders, with Campbell's men coming under fire from rebels in the houses above. In the three decades after the First Anglo-Afghan War, the Russians did advance steadily southward towards Afghanistan. Tropical dry deciduous forests are found in all parts of the plains. The Ganges and its tributaries are the habitat of large and small reptiles, amphibians, fresh-water fish, and crabs. The four divisions were Sind, the northern or Gujarat, the central or Deccan and the southern or Carnatic. [4], British India's MontaguChelmsford Reforms of 1919, enacted in 1921, expanded the Legislative Council to include more elected Indian members, and introduced the principle of dyarchy, whereby certain responsibilities, including agriculture, health, education, and local government, were transferred to elected ministers. Some animal species in Uttar Pradesh have gone extinct in recent years, while others, like the lion from the Gangetic Plain, the rhinoceros from the Terai region, Ganges river dolphin primarily found in the Ganges have become endangered. [23] The majority of the men serving in the presidency armies were Indian, but the officers were all British, trained at the East India Company's own officer school at the Addiscombe estate outside of London. The Tapti River runs parallel to Narmada, and also flows through a rift valley. Dost Muhammad was released and re-established his authority in Kabul. "Throughout nearly a century of its publication The Hindu has exerted wide influence not only in Madras but throughout India. A Superintendent of Police, an IPS officer and assisted by the officers of the Uttar Pradesh Police Service, is entrusted with the responsibility of maintaining law and order and related issues in each district. The Union government is mainly composed of the executive, the The film production era is said to have commenced in Bombay from 1913 when the first film, Raja Harishchandra by Dadasaheb Phalke made in 1912, was first shown publicly on 3May 1913 at Mumbai's Coronation Cinema,[19] effectively marking the beginning of the Indian film industry. Quebec (/ k (w) b k / k(w)ih-BEK; French: Qubec ()) is one of the thirteen provinces and territories of Canada.It is the largest province by area and the second-largest by population.Much of the population lives in urban areas along the St. Lawrence River, between the most populous city, Montreal, and the provincial capital, Quebec City.Quebec is the home of the Qubcois Expressways Industrial Development Authority", "India's Longest Agra-Lucknow Expressway 20 Facts to Know", "One of the largest road networks in the Country", "Pervasive road network of Uttar Pradesh", "contributing to economic growth and prosperity of the nation", "Kushinagar international airport to get ready for take-off", "Jewar to be second airport in Delhi NCR", "Agra, Noida, Lucknow to be made cycle friendly cities: Uttar Pradesh CM Akhilesh Yadav", "CM Akhilesh Yadav puts Lucknow on track to be city with country's largest cycle network", "CM Akhilesh Yadav off to Netherlands even as UP fights drought, power crisis", "Uttar Pradesh Goes Netherlands' Way, Cycling to be Promoted in Cities", " , ", "Hapless victim of a TV sting, this hockey player is now a rising star", "UP to get one more cricket stadium by 2011", "The Buddh International Circuit (BIC), which played host to India's first Formula One Grand Prix", "Philosophy behind the Buddh International Circuit", "Why India's Formula 1 Grand Prix is under threat", "British colonial administration system in state education system", "Kanpur schools welcome IIT Council formula", "IIM-Lucknow sends country's first team to global agribusiness meet", "IIM Lucknow students shine at International Agri-biz symposium in Shanghai", "The Integral University Lucknow state level institution", "Performance of Tourist Centres in Uttar Pradesh: An Evaluation Using Data Envelopment Analysis", "Hindus gather for the Kumbh Mela at the Ganges in India and Maha Shivaratri in Allahabad", "Health status and health care services in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar: A comparative study", "Annual Health Survey 201213 Fact Sheet Uttar Pradesh", "India facing critical shortage of healthcare providers: WHO", "Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) (Per 100000 Live Births)", "Uttar Pradesh has a free ambulance service for pregnant women but substandard hospitals", "State of Urban Health in Uttar Pradesh Urban Health Resource Center", "Public Private Partnership in Uttar Pradesh Health Care Delivery System UPHSDP as an Initiative", "Three indian children to attend J8 summit in Rome.:. Council of Ministers in Kher's Cabinet:[11][12]. [66] The incompetent, naive and gullible Elphinstone continued to believe that Akbar Khan was his "ally", and believed his promise that he would send out the captured supplies if he stopped the retreat on 8 January. Mahabaleswar was the summer capital. [199], According to the Uttar Pradesh Budget Documents (201920), Uttar Pradesh's debt burden is 29.8 per cent of the GSDP. [35][36], In the 16th century, Babur, a Timurid descendant of Timur and Genghis Khan from Fergana Valley (modern-day Uzbekistan), swept across the Khyber Pass and founded the Mughal Empire, covering India, along with modern-day Afghanistan, Pakistan and Bangladesh. [197] The state has reported total private investment worth over Rs. [273] Uttar Pradesh's maternal mortality ratio is higher than the national average at 258 maternal deaths for every 100,000 live births (2017), with 62 per cent of pregnant women unable to access minimum ante-natal care. Another source states that over one hundred British were taken prisoner. A man playing flute in Orchha, with a white tilak on his forehead, and holy saffron-coloured clothes. [7] Bhojpuri is the second most spoken language of the state,[16] it is spoken by almost 11% of the population. [13] The British denied that they were invading Afghanistan, claiming they were merely supporting its "legitimate" Shuja government "against foreign interference and factious opposition. Causes of the Second Anglo Sikh War Diwali is the largest and most important holiday to India. This south facing Ashok Nagar district located in Tuman (Tumvn). [37], On 15 August 2022, for the first time in its 144-year-old history, The Hindu started publishing Hindi-translated editorials on its website. Confirmed future competitions are also included. He was bestowed the title of Hemchandra Vikramaditya (title of Vikramditya adopted from Vedic Period) at his formal coronation took place at Purana Quila in Delhi on 7 October 1556. Zero-filled memory area, interpreted as a null-terminated string, is an empty string. [5] In 1832, the First Reform Bill lowering the franchise requirements to vote and hold office in the United Kingdom was passed, which the ultra-conservative Emperor Nicholas I of Russia openly disapproved of, setting the stage for an Anglo-Russian "cold war", with many believing that Russian autocracy and British democracy were bound to clash. Three sites in Madhya Pradesh have been declared World Heritage Sites by UNESCO: the Khajuraho Group of Monuments (1986) including Devi Jagadambi temple, Khajuraho, Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi (1989) and the Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka (2003). As cultures travelled through the region they brought their bodies of knowledge with them, adding Pali, Persian and Arabic scholarship to the community. [16] Uttar Pradesh was home to most of the mainstream political entities that have existed in ancient and medieval India including the Maurya Empire, Harsha Empire, Gupta Empire, Pala Empire, Delhi Sultanate, Mughal Empire as well as many other empires. Barley was principally grown in the northern parts of the presidency. The Singrauli region on the eastern end of Madhya Pradesh is a major energy producer enclave for the country. Upon completing the required coursework, students may enrol in general or professional degree programs. Act Number 6, of 1976)", "Decennil growth of population by census", "Decennial growth rate and density for 2011 at a glance for Uttar Pradesh and the districts: provisional population totals paper 1 of 2011", "The state with large no. [10][33], Following this and an uprising of Tajiks in Istalif,[34] the British marched to Kabul with no resistance from Dost Mohammad's troops. [71] Lady Sale wrote that as she was taken back to Kabul she noticed: "The road was covered with awful mangled bodies, all naked". About 84 percent of the population identifies as Hindu, according to the "Handbook of Research on Development and Religion (opens in new tab)," edited by Matthew Clarke (Edward Elgar Publishing, 2013). Who after his demise in 1841, was replaced by his son Mir Aqa Jan, see Maj (r) Nur Muhammad Shah, Kohistani, Yapp, M.E. "The Revolutions of 18412 in Afghanistan" pp. [57] Captain William Broadfoot who was with Burnes saw the mob march forward, leading him to open fire with another officer writing in his diary that he "killed five or six men with his own hand before he was shot down". The general universities are Awadhesh Pratap Singh University (Rewa), Barkatullah University (Bhopal), Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya (Indore), Rani Durgavati University (Jabalpur), Vikram University (Ujjain), Jiwaji University (Gwalior), Dr. Hari Singh Gour University (Sagar), Indira Gandhi National Tribal University (Amarkantak, Anuppur), Makhanlal Chaturvedi National University of Journalism and Communication (Bhopal). There were three Anglo-Maratha wars (or Maratha Wars) fought between the late 18 th century and the beginning of the 19 th century between the British and the Marathas. The Institution of Royal Engineers, Chatham, 1948. The governor remains a ceremonial head of the state, while the Chief Minister and his council are responsible for day-to-day government functions. In the 1540s, most parts of the state fell to Sher Shah Suri, and subsequently to the Hindu King Hemu. [68] Johnson described Shelton as fighting like a "bulldog" with his sword, cutting down any Afghan who tried to take him on so efficiently that by the end of the day no Afghan would challenge him. [40] Therefore, he went to the only choice he could think of, the British. [61] Five days later, the withdrawal began. The first conflict between the British and the Marathas was the First Anglo-Maratha War which began in 1774 and resulted in the 1782 Treaty of Salbai, by which the island of Salsette, adjacent to Bombay island, was ceded to the British, while Bharuch was ceded to the Maratha ruler Scindia. Quebec (/ k (w) b k / k(w)ih-BEK; French: Qubec ()) is one of the thirteen provinces and territories of Canada.It is the largest province by area and the second-largest by population.Much of the population lives in urban areas along the St. Lawrence River, between the most populous city, Montreal, and the provincial capital, Quebec City.Quebec is the home of the Qubcois Politicians from Uttar Pradesh have played prominent roles in Union Government of India with some of them having held the high positions of Prime Minister. Adra is also known as a railway divisional headquarter of South Eastern Railways. [54] Macnaghten's alternating policy of confrontation and compromise was perceived as weakness, which encouraged the chiefs around Kabul to start rebelling. However, the credit for making the first Indian feature film is attributed to Dadasaheb Phalke.[20]. Each of the four divisions were administered by a senior Indian Civil Service (ICS) officer of the rank of Commissioner while the districts were each administered by a District Collector (officially styled, Deputy Commissioner). [266] The state's tourism industry is a major contributor to the state's economy, growing at the rate of 21.60%.[267]. The Cooper ministry did not last long and a Congress ministry under B. G. Kher was sworn in. [169] Based on sub-national human development index data for Indian states from 1990 to 2017, the report also stated that the value of human development index in Uttar Pradesh has steadily increased over time from 0.39 in 1990 to 0.59 in 2017. It is also an important town of north east Purulia. This was principally because the Indians in the 2nd Bengal Cavalry failed to follow their officers who charged towards Dost Mohammed, "The explanation offered by the cavalrymen for not fighting was "that they object to the English sabres" . Silk goods were manufactured in Ahmedabad, Surat, Yeola, Nasik, Thana and Bombay, the material decorated with printed or woven designs; competition from European goods caused the silk industry to decline in the early 20th century. The Bombay Presidency was bounded on the north by Baluchistan, the Punjab and Rajputana; on the east by Indore, the Central Provinces and Hyderabad; on the south by Madras Presidency and the Kingdom of Mysore; and on the west by the Arabian Sea. He could not lie down, from the blood choking him", only being capable hours later to utter one word: "bet-ter". [38][39] In 1540 an Afghan, Sher Shah Suri, took over the reins of Uttar Pradesh after defeating the Mughal King Humanyun. [20] The East India Company's army totaled 200,000 men, making it one of the largest armies in the entire world, and was an army larger than those maintained by most European states. Scrubland trees such as the Babool (Vachellia nilotica) and animals such as the Chinkara (Gazella bennettii) are found in the arid Vindhyas. [99][100] Notable indigenous trees are the astringent Azadirachta indica, or neem, which is widely used in rural Indian herbal medicine and the luxuriant Ficus religiosa, or peepul, consider the tree to be sacred by Hindu and Jain ascetics as this is the tree under which Gautama Buddha is believed to have attained enlightenment. This page was last edited on 5 October 2022, at 04:51. Subsequently, the region was ruled by the major dynasties of India. [240][241] The first cycle track in Lucknow was inaugurated at Kalidas Marg on 1 March 2015. [132] As per World Bank document (released in 2016), the pace of poverty reduction in the state has been slower than the rest of the country. They were often called "Afghan mafia" or "Pathan mafia", terms coined by Bombay law enforcement because the majority of this crime syndicate's members were ethnic Pashtuns from Afghanistan's Kunar province. The chaat in Lucknow and Banarasi Paan is known across India for its flavour and ingredients.[298]. The spelling is the anglicised version of the Hindustani word daaku, "dacoit" /dkt/ is a colloquial Indian English word with this meaning, it appears in the Glossary of Colloquial Anglo-Indian Words and Phrases (1903). He enjoyed a successful stint in the 1970s controlling the criminal operations in the east and north-central Bombay. Madhya Pradesh (/mdj prd/,[10] Hindi:[mdj pde] (listen); meaning 'central province') is a state in central India. SEA-ME-WE 4 (South East Asia-Middle East-Western Europe 4) Landing sites at Mumbai and Chennai. [36], On 15 August 2009, the 130-year-old newspaper launched the beta version of its redesigned website at beta.thehindu.com. The judiciary in the state consists of the Allahabad High Court in Allahabad, the Lucknow Bench of Allahabad High Court, district courts and session courts in each district or Sessions Division, and lower courts at the tehsil level. The period that followed is notable mainly for the enlargement of the Presidency through the lapse of certain native states, by the addition of Aden (1839) and Sindh (1843), and the lease of the Panch Mahals from Scindia (1853). All the sovereign states in the region became princely states of British India, governed by the Central India Agency. Its virulent form in modern times is due to several socio-economic and political factors and advances in science and technology. Visit our corporate site (opens in new tab). According to the census of 2011, 90.9% of residents followed Hinduism, while minorities are Muslim (6.6%), Jain (0.8%), Buddhists (0.3%), Christians (0.3%), and Sikhs (0.2%). Uttar Pradesh hosted modern educational institutions such as the Aligarh Muslim University, Banaras Hindu University and Darul Uloom Deoband. As the occupation dragged on, the East India Company's first political officer William Hay Macnaghten allowed his soldiers to bring their families to Afghanistan to improve morale;[42] this further infuriated the Afghans, as it appeared the British were setting up a permanent occupation. [179][180], In the afternoon of 23 November 2007, within a span of 25 minutes, six consecutive serial blasts occurred in the Lucknow, Varanasi, and Faizabad courts, in which 28 people were killed and several others injured. [82] Primarily a summer phenomenon, the Bay of Bengal branch of the Indian monsoon is the major bearer of rain in most parts of state. [15][16] An editorial in August 2003 observed that the newspaper was affected by the 'editorialising as news reporting' virus, and expressed a determination to buck the trend, restore the professionally sound lines of demarcation, and strengthen objectivity and factuality in its coverage. [52] In a flammable situation, the spark was provided unintentionally by the East India Company's second political officer, Sir Alexander 'Sekundar' Burnes. The University of Bombay was established in 1857,[15] and had an administration consisting of a chancellor, vice-chancellor and fellows. It was established in 1950 after India had become a republic. Ghazni was stormed, but the other garrisons held out until relief forces arrived from India, in spring 1842. Madhu Yadav, the former Captain of the India women's national field hockey team, a 1982 Asian Games gold medallist and an Arjuna Award recipient, is from Jabalpur. [11][12] Dost Mohammad had recently lost a strategic city of Peshawar to the Sikh Empire and was willing to form an alliance with Britain if they gave support to retake it, but the British were unwilling. [25] On 16 September 2013, The Hindu group launched its Tamil edition with K. Ashokan as editor.[26]. About 13 percent of Indians are Muslim, making it one of the largest Islamic nations in the world. The chief industries of Bombay Presidency involved the milling of cotton. The ethnic makeup of India, according to the CIA is 72 percent Indo-Aryan (a coverall term for people of largely Central Asian descent) and 25 percent are Dravidian (being largely of South Asian descent). [24] The Paramara King Bhoja (c. 10101060) was a renowned polymath. Raindance Film Festival is the UK's largest celebration of independent filmmaking and takes place in London in October.. Mainland Europe's biggest independent film festival is CU The European Independent Film Festival, which started in 2006 and takes place every spring in Paris, France. It flows westward through a rift valley, with the Vindhya ranges sprawling along its northern bank and the Satpura range of mountains along the southern. In Gujarat the predominant religion remained Hinduism, although the Sultanate of Guzerat has left its influence and imprints in northern parts of the province.
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